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Wikipedia es la Enciclopedia más grande del mundo y está construida de manera colaborativa por miles de editores. El objetivo fundamental de Wikipedia es crear una Enciclopedia que sea fuente de información libremente disponible. Es decir, cualquier persona puede aportar a los contenidos que faltan o estén erróneos. Sin embargo, no puedes garantizar la validez absoluta de la información que encuentres ahí.
OIR PODCAST de Planeta Biblioteca
Planeta biblioteca. 2013/10/03 Wikipedia
Post relacionados- Datos abiertos : Fuentes de información sobre datos públicos
Impacto de las tecnologías 2.0: wikis, blogs, podcasts, folcsonomías, mashups, redes sociales, mundos virtuales, canales RSS y crowdsourcing.
- Cultura libre: cómo los grandes medios están utilizando la tecnología y las leyes para encerrar la cultura y controlar la creatividad
- Descargate la Wikipedia en 10 GB
- Wikiquote: La Wiki de las citas
- LIS Publications Wiki: wiki de publicaciones en Documentación
- Nuevas formas de innovación en colaboración y producción a través de Internet
- Wikiworld: Political Economy of Digital Literacy and the Promise of Participatory Media
- The Open Data Movement
- Actitud 2.0: usos de la web social en las bibliotecas universitarias
- Wikicionario: el diccionario libre
Artículos y libros
"Guía básica de cómo usar Wikipedia." Fundacion mercator vol., n. (2006).: http://www.fundacionmercator.
Wikipedia es la Enciclopedia más grande del mundo y está construida de manera colaborativa por miles de editores. El objetivo fundamental de Wikipedia es crear una Enciclopedia que sea fuente de información libremente disponible. Es decir, cualquier persona puede aportar a los contenidos que faltan o estén erróneos. Sin embargo, no puedes garantizar la validez absoluta de la información que encuentres ahí.
"7 things you should know about... Wikipedia." Educase vol., n. (2007). pp.: http://www.educause.edu/ir/
Wikipedia is a free online encyclopedia that anyone can add to or edit. The site was launched in early 2001 and has since grown to include millions of articles in dozens of languages. Despite concerns about the quality of openly editable information, Wikipedia has become one of the most popular online resourcesstatistics put Wikipedia as the eighth most-visited Web site in the United States, behind sites such as Yahoo, Google, MySpace, and eBay. Article topics range from the very broad to the highly specific, and the site offers tools to organize information into various content areassuch as “academic disciplines” and “glossaries”with numerous topic breakdowns within each category. Each article contains any number of links to other Wikipedia articles or to external resources.
"Wikipedia En Español: Un impulso necesario." Diariocrítico del ocio vol., n. (2007). pp.: http://www.ociocritico.com/oc/
Este breve tutorial no pretende más que ser un referencia sencilla y cómoda para comenzar a editar artículos. Los hay mucho más completos y a medida que te familiarices con el sistema, tú mismo buscarás cómo mejorar las páginas.
"Physicists slam publisher over Wikipedia copyright rules." The New Scientist vol. 197, n. 2647 (2008). pp. 6. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Many scientific publishers prevent scientists from posting parts of their work to the online encyclopaedia, but one group of physicists want to change that
(2012). Wikipedia and wikis as forums of information literacy instruction in schools. IFLA 2012 Congress Satellite Meeting. Tampere, IFLA. https://www12.uta.fi/blogs/
The City of Tampere and the University of Tampere are cooperating on the ongoing “Tieto haltuun” information literacy (IL) project to develop and study new types of IL learning assignments applying social media tools. The overall goal of the study was to learn how writing articles for Wikipedia (a public wiki) and for the school’s own wiki can serve as a learning assignment in information literacy instruction. In this paper we report how a library visit as one element of the course programme affected students’ information behaviour. We wanted to find out how a special IL session in the library can help students to expand the types of sources used. One aim was to investigate how students’ tendency to write in their own words instead of copy-pasting and to cite sources appropriately instead of plagiarizing is associated with the type of sources used. Through the case courses we aimed to collect experiences of good practices in IL instruction organized as a collaborative effort on the part of librarians and teachers. We found that the IL session organized in the local library substantially increased the use of books as sources in writing the articles. The students used sources differently in differently designed assignments. The groups of students writing focused Wikipedia articles used more printed sources, wrote more in their own words and also summarised and synthesised more information from sources than the groups of students writing on more extensive topics for the school’s wiki. The lessons learned from the project are discussed both from the teachers’ and librarian’s perspectives.
Alonso-Arévalo, J., J.-A. Cordón-García, et al. "La transformación de la Encyclopaedia Britannica: ¿el Efecto Wikipedia?" Infoconexión: Revista Chilena de Bibliotecología vol., n. mazo (2012). pp.: http://www.infoconexion.cl/
En Marzo de 2012 una de las obra más emblemáticas de todos los tiempos, la Encyclopaedia Britannica anunció el paso definitivo de lo analógico a lo digital. Después de 244 años de existencia física, nacida en plena Ilustración, asociada a los principales acontecimientos históricos de su tiempo, ensalzada por los intelectuales más renombrados, como Einstein o Borges, generadora de un modelo original de acceso al conocimiento, la Britannica emprende un camino sin retorno.
Amat, C. B. "Wikipedia." El Profesional de la Información vol., n. (2007). pp. 118-122. http://eprints.rclis.org/
Wikipedia can be considered as a registry of tacit knowledge. From a formal point of view, it has the appearace of an alphabetical encyclopaedia. From the point of view of the information architecture, is a set ot textual data bases. From a functional point of view, a mechanism for transforming implicit individual information into public knowledge.
Asadi, S., S. Ghafghazi, et al. "Motivating and discouraging factors for Wikipedians: the case study of Persian Wikipedia." Library Review vol. 62, n. 4 (2013). pp. 237-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LR-
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate how Wikipedians are motivated, or discouraged, to contribute to Farsi (Persian) Wikipedia. Design/methodology/approach – In this grounded theory study, face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 15 active users of Persian Wikipedia. The interviews then were transcribed and coded using Strauss and Corbin's method which included constant comparison of data. Findings – Editing and writing incentives, as well as deterrents, were extracted from the data. Findings indicated that motivating factors can be classified into two categories of internal and external. Internal motivations could be individual or cognitive motivations or be related to Wikipedia structure. Also, some factors such as permanent access to the internet can be considered as external motivations for contribution to Wikipedia. On the other hand, content production and improvement of Wikipedia in local language was the strongest reason for contribution; entertainment was the weakest motivation. Positive feedback from other users can be the strongest factor that encourages users to stay in Wikipedia and continue their contribution. Originality/value – This is the first study on Persian Wikipedia and one of the few qualitative studies on Wikipedia. It proposes a new categorization of encouraging and discouraging factors for Wikipedians.
Bar-Ilan, J. "Web Links and Search Engine Ranking: the Case of Google and the Query 'Jew'." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 57, n. 12 (2006). pp.: http://www3.interscience.
The World Wide Web has become one of our more important information sources, and commercial search engines are the major tools for locating information; however, it is not enough for a Web page to be indexed by the search engines-it also must rank high on relevant queries. One of the parameters involved in ranking is the number and quality of links pointing to the page, based on the assumption that links convey appreciation for a page. This article presents the results of a content analysis of the links to two top pages retrieved by Google for the query 'jew' as of July 2004: the 'jew' entry on the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia, and the home page of 'Jew Watch,' a highly anti-Semitic site. The top results for the query 'jew' gained public attention in April 2004, when it was noticed that the 'Jew Watch' homepage ranked number 1. From this point on, both sides engaged in 'Googlebombing' (i.e., increasing the number of links pointing to these pages). The results of the study show that most of the links to these pages come from blogs and discussion links, and the number of links pointing to these pages in appreciation of their content is extremely small. These findings have implications for ranking algorithms based on link counts, and emphasize the huge difference between Web links and citations in the scientific community.
Black, E. W. "Wikipedia and academic peer review: Wikipedia as a recognised medium for scholarly publication?" Online Information Review vol. 32, n. 1 (2008). pp. 73-88. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
The purpose of this paper is to engage in a thought experiment, exploring the use of Wikipedia or similar content-malleable systems for the review and dissemination of academic knowledge. Design/methodology/approach – By looking at other sources, the paper considers the current state of the academic peer-review process, discusses Wikipedia and reflects on dynamic content creation and management applications currently in use in academia. Findings – The traditional peer review process must be updated to match the rapid creation and diffusion of knowledge that characterises the 21st century. The Wikipedia concept is a potential model for more rapid and reliable dissemination of scholarly knowledge. The implications of such a concept would have a dramatic effect on the academic community. Originality/value – This paper promotes a radical idea for changing the methods by which academic knowledge is both constructed and disseminated.
Bryant, S., A. Forte, et al. "Becoming Wikipedian: Transformation of Participation in a Collaborative Online Encyclopedia." GROUP International Conference on Supporting Group Work vol., n. (2005). pp.: http://www-static.cc.gatech.
Traditional activities change in surprising ways when computermediated communication becomes a component of the activity system. In this descriptive study, we leverage two perspectives on social activity to understand the experiences of individuals who became active collaborators in Wikipedia, a prolific, cooperatively-authored online encyclopedia. Legitimate peripheral participation provides a lens for understanding participation in a community as an adaptable process that evolves over time. We use ideas from activity theory as a framework to describe our results. Finally, we describe how activity on the Wikipe dia stands in striking contrast to traditional publishing and suggests a new paradigm for collaborative systems.
Caraco, A. "Wikipédia: une encyclopédie libre, gratuite et écrite coopérativement." Bulletin des bibliothèques de France vol. 49, n. 6 (2004). pp.: http://www.enssib.fr/bbf/bbf-
Collection encyclopédique elle-même, la bibliothèque publique est depuis toujours un lieu de consultation des encyclopédies. Wikipédia est une encyclopédie libre, gratuite et écrite coopérativement. À première vue, ce projet paraît nettement utopiste, voire critiquable. Pourtant, international et multilingue, il fonctionne et connaît une croissance rapide. Il utilise la technologie Wiki et est publié sous licence de documentation libre. D'ici quelques années, voire quelques mois, Wikipédia pourrait avoir une place importante dans les bibliothèques. Les bibliothécaires francophones pourraient l'améliorer en y contribuant.
Cho, H., M. Chen, et al. "Testing an integrative theoretical model of knowledge-sharing behavior in the context of Wikipedia." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 61, n. 6 (2010). pp.: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/
This study explores how and why people participate in collaborative knowledge-building practices in the context of Wikipedia. Based on a survey of 223 Wikipedians, this study examines the relationship between motivations, internal cognitive beliefs, social-relational factors, and knowledge-sharing intentions. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis reveal that attitudes, knowledge self-efficacy, and a basic norm of generalized reciprocity have significant and direct relationships with knowledge-sharing intentions. Altruism (an intrinsic motivator) is positively related to attitudes toward knowledge sharing, whereas reputation (an extrinsic motivator) is not a significant predictor of attitude. The study also reveals that a social-relational factor, namely, a sense of belonging, is related to knowledge-sharing intentions indirectly through different motivational and social factors such as altruism, subjective norms, knowledge self-efficacy, and generalized reciprocity. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Cho, H., M. Chen, et al. "Testing an integrative theoretical model of knowledge-sharing behavior in the context of Wikipedia." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 61, n. 6 (2010). pp. 1198-1212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.
This study explores how and why people participate in collaborative knowledge-building practices in the context of Wikipedia. Based on a survey of 223 Wikipedians, this study examines the relationship between motivations, internal cognitive beliefs, social-relational factors, and knowledge-sharing intentions. Results from structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis reveal that attitudes, knowledge self-efficacy, and a basic norm of generalized reciprocity have significant and direct relationships with knowledge-sharing intentions. Altruism (an intrinsic motivator) is positively related to attitudes toward knowledge sharing, whereas reputation (an extrinsic motivator) is not a significant predictor of attitude. The study also reveals that a social-relational factor, namely, a sense of belonging, is related to knowledge-sharing intentions indirectly through different motivational and social factors such as altruism, subjective norms, knowledge self-efficacy, and generalized reciprocity. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
Cordón-García, J. A., J. Alonso-Arévalo, et al. "Cap. 9 Las enciclopedias: el caso particular de la wikipedia." En: Las nuevas fuentes de información: información y búsqueda documental en el contexto de la web 2.0." Madrid: Pirámide, 2010 vol., n. (2010 ). pp. 237-250. TD/002 COR nue
Las enciclopedias, fuentes de información directa, son las obras de referencia por excelencia utilizadas para adquirir información sobre prácticamente cualquier tema. Malclés (1985) las definió como obras de síntesis que informan de los conocimientos adquiridos por la humanidad en un momento de su historia. Esta definición de 1985 implica una visión fotográfica del conocimiento en un momento determinado, cuestión que como veremos más adelante está cambiando gracias a los nuevos modos de crear información enciclopédica. Las enciclopedias presenta una cobertura temática diversa: las hay generales, como es el caso de la Enciclopedia Británica y también especializadas como las
enciclopedias de Medicina, Filosofía, Arte... por citar algunos ejemplos. En cuanto a su formato las hay electrónicas e impresas.
Devgan, L., N. Powe, et al. "Wiki-Surgery? Internal validity of Wikipedia as a medical and surgical reference: Abstracts for the 62nd Annual Sessions of the Forum on Fundamental Surgical Problems, The American College of Surgeons 93rd Annual Clinical Congress." Journal of the American College of Surgeons vol. 205, n. 3, Supplement 1 (2007). pp. S76-S77. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
With the burgeoning popularity of the internet, patients are increasingly using web-based search engines to learn about their medical and surgical problems. Wikipedia® is the world’s 12th most popular website and the most widely read of such sources. Despite Wikipedia®’s popularity, little is known about the accuracy of its health-related content.
Dueñas Guzmán, M. and A. Camacho Martínez "Wikipedia: ¿metáfora de la sociedad del conocimiento?" Infomediosdigital vol., n. (2008). pp.: http://www.infomediosdigital.
“Aunque la programación computadorizada es fácil, la cultura es difícil”. Esta observación fue vertida por un estudioso de Wikipedia, la enciclopedia cibernética de libre acceso que ha ganado millones de adeptos desde su surgimiento en el 2001. A medida que ha aumentado su popularidadya tiene versiones en 250 idiomas y en Estados Unidos es el sitio de Internet que más se visita las críticas han arreciado por su política de permitir a cualquiera añadir información nueva o alterar la existente. ¿Qué ocurre con la confiabilidad de la información de un texto que pretende resumir el saber humano cuando se depende exclusivamente de centenares de autores anónimos para la adición y revisión de contenido? Más allá de contestar esta interrogante, las diversas respuestas permiten explorar características y perspectivas de la emergente sociedad del conocimiento, o sea de las dificultades del cambio cultural.
Eijkman, H. "Web 2.0 as a non-foundational network-centric learning space." Campus-Wide Information Systems vol. 25, n. 2 (2008). pp. 93-104. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
This paper aims to initiate a timely discussion about the epistemological advantages of Web 2.0 as a non-foundational network-centric learning space in higher education. Design/methodology/approach – A philosophical analysis of the underpinning design principles of Web 2.0 social media and of conventional “foundational” and emergent “non-foundational” learning and which uses Wikipedia as a case study. Findings – For academics in higher education to take a more informed approach to the use of Web 2.0 in formal learning settings and begin to consider integrating Web 2.0's architecture of participation with a non-foundational architecture of learning, focused on acculturation into networks of practice. Practical implications – The paper argues that the continuing dominance and therefore likely application of conventional old paradigm foundational learning theory will work against the grain of, if not undermine, the powerful affordances Web 2.0 social media provides for learning focused on social interaction and collaborative knowledge construction. The paper puts the case for non-foundational learning and draws attention to the importance of aligning Web 2.0's architecture of participation with a non-foundational architecture of acculturation as the latter is better epistemologically placed to more fully realise the potential of Web 2.0 to position students on trajectories of acculturation into their new networks of practice. Originality/value – This paper exposes the epistemological dilemma Web 2.0's participatory culture poses for academics wedded to conventional ideas about the nature of knowledge and learning as is, for instance, clearly evidenced by their sceptical disposition towards or outright rejection of, Wikipedia.
Estrutura Galega de, C. "Proposta de uso didactico da Wikipedia nas clases de lingua." Estrutura Galega de Contidos vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www.edu.xunta.es/
A proposta que se presenta neste documento está inicialmente pensada para a clase de Lingua Galega e Literatura da ESO, pero pode ser adaptada a outros niveis educativos e ao estudo doutros idiomas, dado que Wikipedia está dispoñible en galego, en castelán, en inglés, en francés, en alemán e en portugués, ademais de noutras linguas que non se imparten actualmente no marco do noso sistema educativo
Fallis, D. "Toward an epistemology of Wikipedia." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 59, n. 10 (2008). pp. 1662-1674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.
Wikipedia (the ldquofree online encyclopedia that anyone can editrdquo) is having a huge impact on how a great many people gather information about the world. So, it is important for epistemologists and information scientists to ask whether people are likely to acquire knowledge as a result of having access to this information source. In other words, is Wikipedia having good epistemic consequences? After surveying the various concerns that have been raised about the reliability of Wikipedia, this article argues that the epistemic consequences of people using Wikipedia as a source of information are likely to be quite good. According to several empirical studies, the reliability of Wikipedia compares favorably to the reliability of traditional encyclopedias. Furthermore, the reliability of Wikipedia compares even more favorably to the reliability of those information sources that people would be likely to use if Wikipedia did not exist (viz., Web sites that are as freely and easily accessible as Wikipedia). In addition, Wikipedia has a number of other epistemic virtues (e.g., power, speed, and fecundity) that arguably outweigh any deficiency in terms of reliability. Even so, epistemologists and information scientists should certainly be trying to identify changes (or alternatives) to Wikipedia that will bring about even better epistemic consequences. This article suggests that to improve Wikipedia, we need to clarify what our epistemic values are and to better understand why Wikipedia works as well as it does.The Economist
Fallis, D. "Toward an epistemology of Wikipedia." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 59, n. 10 (2008). pp.: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002%
Wikipedia (the 'free online encyclopedia that anyone can edit') is having a huge impact on how a great many people gather information about the world. So, it is important for epistemologists and information scientists to ask whether people are likely to acquire knowledge as a result of having access to this information source. In other words, is Wikipedia having good epistemic consequences? After surveying the various concerns that have been raised about the reliability of Wikipedia, this article argues that the epistemic consequences of people using Wikipedia as a source of information are likely to be quite good. According to several empirical studies, the reliability of Wikipedia compares favorably to the reliability of traditional encyclopedias. Furthermore, the reliability of Wikipedia compares even more favorably to the reliability of those information sources that people would be likely to use if Wikipedia did not exist (viz., Web sites that are as freely and easily accessible as Wikipedia). In addition, Wikipedia has a number of other epistemic virtues (e.g., power, speed, and fecundity) that arguably outweigh any deficiency in terms of reliability. Even so, epistemologists and information scientists should certainly be trying to identify changes (or alternatives) to Wikipedia that will bring about even better epistemic consequences. This article suggests that to improve Wikipedia, we need to clarify what our epistemic values are and to better understand why Wikipedia works as well as it does.The Economist
Forte, A. "Social Science Research and Wikipedia. Delivered at 2006 International Symposium on Wikis (WikiSym 2006), Odense (Denmark). Presentation." E-LIS: E-Prints in Library and Information Science vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://eprints.rclis.org/
This presentation was held at the First Workshop on Wikipedia Research. It gives an introduction into Social Science Research for Wikipedia Researchers.
Forte, A. and A. Bruckman "Why Do People Write for Wikipedia? Incentives to Contribute to Open-Content Publishing." Sustaining Community vol., n. (2005). pp.: http://jellis.org/work/
When people learn that we have spoken to individuals who spend up to 30 hours a week volunteering their time to research and write for an open-content encyclopedia, we often hear the same question: “Why do they do it?“ The fact that this encyclopedia does not provide bylines to credit authors for their hard work makes the scenario still less fathomable. Two rounds of interviews with 22 volunteer encyclopedia writers in the fall of 2004 and spring of 2005 revealed that, in some respects, the incentive system that motivates contributions to the opencontent encyclopedia Wikipedia resembles that of the scientific community. Like scientists, contributors to Wikipedia seek to collaboratively identify and publish true facts about the world. Research on the sociology of science provides a useful touchstone for considering the incentive systems embedded in the technology and culture of online communities of collaborative authorship. In this paper we describe some of our findings in the context of Latour and Woolgar’s seminal work on the incentive systems that motivate publishing scientists. We suggest that minimizing reliance on “hard coded,“ stratified user privileges and providing indicators of engagement in desirable activities can help support the growth of incentive
Forte, A. and A. Bruckman "From Wikipedia to the Classroom: Exploring Online Publication and Learning." International Conference of the Learning Sciences vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www-static.cc.gatech.
Wikipedia represents an intriguing new publishing paradigmcan it be used to engage students in authentic collaborative writing activities? How can we design wiki publishing tools and curricula to support learning among student authors? We suggest that wiki publishing environments can create learning opportunities that address four dimensions of authenticity: personal, real world, disciplinary, and assessment. We have begun a series of design studies to investigate links between wiki publishing experiences and writing-to-learn. The results of an initial study in an undergraduate government course indicate that perceived audience plays an important role in helping students monitor the quality of writing; however, students’ perception of audience on the Internet is not straightforward. This preliminary iteration resulted in several guidelines that are shaping efforts to design and implement new wiki publishing tools and curricula for students and teachers.
Forte, A. and A. Bruckman "Scaling consensus: increasing decentralization in Wikipedia governance." Hawaiian International Conference of Systems Sciences (HICSS) vol., n. (2007). pp.: http://www-static.cc.gatech.
How does “self-governance” happen in Wikipedia? Through in-depth interviews with eleven individuals who have held a variety of responsibilities in the English Wikipedia, we obtained rich descriptions of how various forces produce and regulate social structures on the site. Our analysis describes Wikipedia as an organization with highly refined policies, norms, and a technological architecture that supports organizational ideals of consensus building and discussion. We describe how governance in the site is becoming increasingly decentralized as the community grows and how this is predicted by theories of commons-based governance developed in offline contexts. The trend of decentralization is noticeable with respect to both content-related decision making processes and social structures that regulate user behavior
Forte, A. and A. Bruckman "Information Literacy in the Age of Wikipedia." Symposium on Learning and Research in the Web 2 Era: Opportunities for Research vol. 2, n. (2008). pp.: Symposium on Learning and Research in the Web 2 Era: Opportunities for Research
How does “self-governance” happen in Wikipedia? Through in-depth interviews with eleven individuals who have held a variety of responsibilities in the English Wikipedia, we obtained rich descriptions of how various forces produce and regulate social structures on the site. Our analysis describes Wikipedia as an organization with highly refined policies, norms, and a technological architecture that supports organizational ideals of consensus building and discussion. We describe how governance in the site is becoming increasingly decentralized as the community grows and how this is predicted by theories of commons-based governance developed in offline contexts. The trend of decentralization is noticeable with respect to both content-related decision making processes and social structures that regulate user behavior.
Ganjisaffar, Y., S. Javanmardi, et al. "Leveraging Crowdsourcing Heuristics to Improve Search in Wikipedia." WikiSym ’09, vol., n. (2009). pp.: http://www.wikisym.org/static/
Wikipedia articles are usually accompanied with history pages, categories and talk pages. The meta{data available in these pages can be analyzed to gain a better understanding of the content and quality of the articles. We analyze the quality of search results of the current major Web search engines (Google, Yahoo! and Live) in Wikipedia. We discuss how the rich meta{data available in wiki pages can be used to provide better search results in Wikipedia. We investigate the e ect of incorporating the extent of review of an article into ranking of search results. The extent of review is measured by the number of distinct editors who have contributed to the articles and is extracted by processing Wikipedia's history pages. Our experimental results show that re{ranking search results of the three major Web search engines, using the review feature, improves quality of their rankings for Wikipedia searches.
García Arias, J. and S. Guío Mena "Wikipedia." Universidad Carlos III vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www.it.uc3m.es/rueda/
“Wiki”, termino que se extiende por Internet a la velocidad del rayo. Todo lo wiki está de moda y se ha vuelto muy popular por su relación con el usuario. Por parte de los servicios de Internet se busca rapidez, sencillez y una mayor interacción del usuario. Y el usuario por su parte quiere participar, formar parte del producto final, opinar y dejar constancia en la red. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un estudio tecnológico y sociológico del fenómeno “wiki” en concreto sobre el site “Wikipedia: la enciclopedia libre”. La Wikipedia, ha sido quizás el resultado más beneficioso para la comunidad de Internet a partir de la ideología wiki, pues desde su inicio ha demostrado que ha sido el mejor medio para la consecución del proyecto de una enciclopedia online.
Giaccai, S. (2013, 2013/10//
2013/10/28/12:49:41). "Wikipedia: un esempio di alleanze delle biblioteche." from http://eprints.rclis.org/
Descrizione dei risultati ottenuti dal gruppo di lavoro di bibliotecari e wikipediani aulla condivisione di open data bibliografici con Wikipedia. In particolare il collegamento tra Wikipedia e VIAF e il Thesaurus della Biblioteca nazionale di Firenze.
Giles, J. "Wikipedia 2.0, with added trust." The New Scientist vol. 195, n. 2622 (2007). pp. 28-29. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
The online encyclopedia is set to trial two systems aimed at boosting readers' confidence in its accuracy
Gorman, G. E. "A tale of information ethics and encyclopædias; or, is Wikipedia just another internet scam?" Online Information Review vol. 31, n. 3 (2007). pp. 273-276. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
This paper seeks to look at the question of accuracy of content regarding Wikipedia and other internet encyclopædias. Design/methodology/approach – By looking at other sources, the paper considers whether the information contained within Wikipedia can be relied on to be accurate. Findings – Wikipedia poses as an encyclopædia when by no stretch of the definition can it be termed such; therefore, it should be subject to regulation. Originality/value – The paper highlights the issue that, without regulation, content cannot be relied on to be accurate.
Hsin-liang, C. "The use and sharing of information from Wikipedia by high-tech professionals for work purposes." The Electronic Library vol. 27, n. 6 (2009). pp. 893-905. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to focus on discovering whether high-tech professionals as a user community search for information from Wikipedia to fulfill their job duties and, if they do, how they share information with co-workers and clients. Design/methodology/approach – An online questionnaire was used, administered by a commercial provider. The questionnaire consisted of 15 Likert-scaled questions to assess participants' agreement with each question along with an optional open-ended explanation. A total of 68 participants successfully answered the questionnaire. Participants' Likert rating scores were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and correlational analyses using SPSS. Findings – The analyses examined relationships among participants' characteristics, their use of information resources for research and teaching, information-sharing behaviors, and use/non-use of Wikipedia. Findings indicated that the participants treated Wikipedia as a ready reference for general information. Their concern is that Wikipedia only has a limited number of entries available at this point. They suggested that Wikipedia needed to improve the contribution and editorial process and to make it more rigorous. Originality/value – Personal information infrastructure affects how the high-tech professionals surveyed use-and-share information from Wikipedia for work. In the current situation, the participants consider Wikipedia to be a developing information resource and show less interest in contributing to it. The project is an exploratory study and more considerations are needed for this research area.
Jacobs, M. L. "Libraries and the mobile revolution: remediation=relevance." Reference Services Review vol. 37, n. 3 (2009). pp. 286-290. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
The purpose of this paper is to look at the big picture of where academic libraries fit into the mobile revolution. Design/methodology/approach – Using Jim Hahn's accompanying article, “On the remediation of Wikipedia and the iPod,” the author comments on what remediation means for the academic library culture as a whole. The reflections are based on observations of current trends in technology and the emergence of a mobile culture. A definition of this generation of library users is suggested – the ING (information now generation). Editorial in nature, the paper also discusses some new technologies and how they might be applicable to the technological growth of libraries. Findings – This reflection of current trends encourages librarians to look/listen, explore, apply, prevail when it comes to applying emerging technologies to the library world. Originality/value – The paper offers insights into how librarians can prepare themselves for the “Remediation Revolution.”
Jim, H. "On the remediation of Wikipedia to the iPod." Reference Services Review vol. 37, n. 3 (2009). pp. 272-285. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a usability study of information search on mobile devices, seeking to understand mobile computing best practice in the design of library services. Three second-year undergraduate students took part in this semester long study. They are loaned iPods with a Wikipedia copy to use as desired. Usability data are drawn from search logs recording titles of the articles searched and an internet-based survey completed by students. Students characterize the nature of information searched for on the Wikipedia iPods as recreational. Students did not utilize the iPods for academic research. Search logs show students viewed articles primarily about objects. The results of this paper do not show generalized principles of mobile search. More data collected from additional sets of users are needed in order to articulate principles of mobile search. If it is the case that students will primarily make use of mobile computing for recreational or leisurely purposes then library services on mobile computing platforms must be designed accordingly. The paper presents methods for the study of information search though mobile computing and poses questions resulting from this paper that require further study.
Jim, H. "Information seeking with Wikipedia on the iPod Touch." Reference Services Review vol. 38, n. 2 (2010). pp. 284-298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a usability study which inquired into undergraduate student information seeking with Wikipedia on the iPod touch. Design/methodology/approach – Data are drawn from iPod search logs and student survey responses. Search log data are coded with FRBR subject entities (group 3 entity sets) for analysis. Findings – Students characterize the overall nature of information searched for with the Wikipedia app to be for recreational and for short factual information. Recreational searching as a way in which undergraduate students utilize mobile technology is an earlier finding of Wikipedia iPod usage, and is verified as a trend of undergraduate student search using the iPod. All undergraduate student participants of the Wikipedia app on a mobile interface report this tool as helping to become more efficient in their research. Students viewed Wikipedia articles about people and concepts more so than other article types. Originality/value – Undergraduate student mobile search log analysis over a specific type of information resource on the iPod Touch is an original usability project. Previous mobile search log analysis analyzes thousands of unknown users and millions of anonymous queries, where the devices used for searching are not always identifiable and trends about touch screens cannot be ascertained.
Jiménez-Pelayo, J. "Wikipedia como vocabulario controlado: ¿está superado el control de autoridades tradicional?" El Profesional de la Información vol. 18, n. 2 (2009). pp. 188-201.
Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre, es el primer proyecto específicamente nacido desde y para la Web que ha desarrollado un sistema de control de autoridades para el acceso a su información. En este trabajo se analizan los elementos, procedimientos y principios que lo constituyen, y se traza una analogía crítica entre éstos y los que conforman el control de autoridades tradicional aplicado a los catálogos bibliográficos. A partir de la comparación crítica de ambos modelos se plantea hasta qué punto el control de autoridades bibliotecario, esclerotizado por el peso de la tradición y por su nula adaptación a la tecnología, ha sido superado por proyectos como el de Wikipedia, que parten de una filosofía de la flexibilidad y el sentido común, y donde las normas se deciden por y para el usuario. El enorme potencial y alcance del modelo de autoridades de Wikipedia hacen que se perfile como el gran candidato a convertirse en el sistema de acceso normalizado a la web semántica.
Joorabchi, A. and A. E. Mahdi "Classification of scientific publications according to library controlled vocabularies: A new concept matching-based approach." Library Hi Tech vol. 31, n. 4 (2013). pp. 725-747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/LHT-
Purpose – This paper aims to report on the design and development of a new approach for automatic classification and subject indexing of research documents in scientific digital libraries and repositories (DLR) according to library controlled vocabularies such as DDC and FAST. Design/methodology/approach – The proposed concept matching-based approach (CMA) detects key Wikipedia concepts occurring in a document and searches the OPACs of conventional libraries via querying the WorldCat database to retrieve a set of MARC records which share one or more of the detected key concepts. Then the semantic similarity of each retrieved MARC record to the document is measured and, using an inference algorithm, the DDC classes and FAST subjects of those MARC records which have the highest similarity to the document are assigned to it. Findings – The performance of the proposed method in terms of the accuracy of the DDC classes and FAST subjects automatically assigned to a set of research documents is evaluated using standard information retrieval measures of precision, recall, and F1. The authors demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in terms of accuracy performance in comparison to a similar system currently deployed in a large scale scientific search engine. Originality/value – The proposed approach enables the development of a new type of subject classification system for DLR, and addresses some of the problems similar systems suffer from, such as the problem of imbalanced training data encountered by machine learning-based systems, and the problem of word-sense ambiguity encountered by string matching-based systems.
Kim, J.-M., H. Shin, et al. "Schema and constraints-based matching and merging of Topic Maps." Information Processing & Management vol. 43, n. 4 (2007). pp. 930-945. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Schema and constraints-based matching and merging of Topic Maps
Korfiatis, N. T., M. Poulos, et al. "Evaluating authoritative sources using social networks: an insight from Wikipedia." Online Information Review vol. 30, n. 3 (2006). pp. 252-262. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
The purpose of this paper is to present an approach to evaluating contributions in collaborative authoring environments, and in particular, Wikis using social network measures. Design/methodology/approach – A social network model for Wikipedia has been constructed, and metrics of importance such as centrality have been defined. Data has been gathered from articles belonging to the same topic using a web crawler, in order to evaluate the outcome of the social network measures in the articles. Findings – Finds that the question of the reliability regarding Wikipedia content is a challenging one and as Wikipedia grows, the problem becomes more demanding, especially for topics with controversial views such as politics or history. Practical implications – It is believed that the approach presented here could be used to improve the authoritativeness of content found in Wikipedia and similar sources. Originality/value – This work tries to develop a network approach to the evaluation of Wiki contributions, and approaches the problem of quality Wikipedia content from a social network point of view.
Kr+¦tzsch, M., D. Vrande-ìi-ç, et al. "Semantic Wikipedia: World Wide Web Conference 2006Semantic Web Track." Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web vol. 5, n. 4 (2007). pp. 251-261. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Wikipedia is the worldGÇÖs largest collaboratively edited source of encyclopaedic knowledge. But in spite of its utility, its content is barely machine-interpretable and only weakly structured. With Semantic MediaWiki we provide an extension that enables wiki-users to semantically annotate wiki pages, based on which the wiki contents can be browsed, searched, and reused in novel ways. In this paper, we give an extended overview of Semantic MediaWiki and discuss experiences regarding performance and current applications.
Kr÷tzsch, M., D. Vrandecic, et al. "Semantic Wikipedia: World Wide Web Conference 2006Semantic Web Track." Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web vol. 5, n. 4 (2007). pp. 251-261. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Wikipedia is the world’s largest collaboratively edited source of encyclopaedic knowledge. But in spite of its utility, its content is barely machine-interpretable and only weakly structured. With Semantic MediaWiki we provide an extension that enables wiki-users to semantically annotate wiki pages, based on which the wiki contents can be browsed, searched, and reused in novel ways. In this paper, we give an extended overview of Semantic MediaWiki and discuss experiences regarding performance and current applications.
Leetaru, K. H. "Fulltext Geocoding Versus Spatial Metadata for Large Text Archives: Towards a Geographically Enriched Wikipedia." D-Lib Magazine vol. 18, n. 9 (2012). pp.: http://www.dlib.org/dlib/
The rise of "born geographic" information and the increasing creation and mediation of information in a spatial context has given rise to a demand for extracting and indexing the spatial information in large textual archives. Spatial indexing of archives has traditionally been a manual process, with human editors reading and assigning country-level metadata indicating the major spatial focus of a document. The demand for subnational saturation indexing of all geographic mentions in a document, coupled with the need to scale to archives totaling hundreds of billions of pages or those accessioning hundreds of millions of new items a day requires automated approaches. Fulltext geocoding refers to the process of using software algorithms to parse through a document, identify textual mentions of locations, and using databases of places and their approximate locations known as gazetteers, to convert those mentions into mappable geographic coordinates. The basic workflow of a fulltext geocoding system is presented, together with an overview of the GNS and GNIS gazetteers that lie at the heart of nearly every global geocoding system. Finally, a case study comparing manually-specified geographic indexing terms versus fulltext geocoding on the English-language edition of Wikipedia demonstrates the significant advantages of automated approaches, including finding that previous studies of Wikipedia's spatial focus using its human-provided spatial metadata have erroneously identified Europe as its focal point because of bias in the underlying metdata.
Lewandowski, D. and U. Spree "Ranking of Wikipedia articles in search engines revisited: Fair ranking for reasonable quality?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 62, n. 1 (2011). pp. 117-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.
Abstract This paper aims to review the fiercely discussed question of whether the ranking of Wikipedia articles in search engines is justified by the quality of the articles. After an overview of current research on information quality in Wikipedia, a summary of the extended discussion on the quality of encyclopedic entries in general is given. On this basis, a heuristic method for evaluating Wikipedia entries is developed and applied to Wikipedia articles that scored highly in a search engine retrieval effectiveness test and compared with the relevance judgment of jurors. In all search engines tested, Wikipedia results are unanimously judged better by the jurors than other results on the corresponding results position. Relevance judgments often roughly correspond with the results from the heuristic evaluation. Cases in which high relevance judgments are not in accordance with the comparatively low score from the heuristic evaluation are interpreted as an indicator of a high degree of trust in Wikipedia. One of the systemic shortcomings of Wikipedia lies in its necessarily incoherent user model. A further tuning of the suggested criteria catalog, for instance, the different weighing of the supplied criteria, could serve as a starting point for a user model differentiated evaluation of Wikipedia articles. Approved methods of quality evaluation of reference works are applied to Wikipedia articles and integrated with the question of search engine evaluation.
Lih, A. "Wikipedia as Participatory Journalism: Reliable Sources? Metrics for evaluating collaborative media as a news resource." Stargek vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://jmsc.hku.hk/faculty/
Wikipedia is an Internet-based, volunteer-contributed encyclopedia that has become a popular online reference in just three years of existence (Figure 1). It has thousands of international contributors and is the largest current example of an open content wiki3. (The Hawaiian word for “quick,” WikiWiki, is the basis for the wiki name.) The goal of Wikipedia is to create an encyclopedia that can be shared and copied freely while encouraging people to easily change and improve the content. Each and every article has an “Edit this page” button, allowing anyone, even anonymous passersby, to add or delete any content on any page. What would surely seem to create chaos has actually produced increasingly respected content which has been evaluated and revised by the thousands of visitors to the site over time.
Lim, S. "How and why do college students use Wikipedia?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 60, n. 11 (2009). pp. 2189-2202. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/
The purposes of this study were to explore college students' perceptions, uses of, and motivations for using Wikipedia, and to understand their information behavior concerning Wikipedia based on social cognitive theory (SCT). A Web survey was used to collect data in the spring of 2008. The study sample consisted of students from an introductory undergraduate course at a large public university in the midwestern United States. A total of 134 students participated in the study, resulting in a 32.8% response rate. The major findings of the study include the following: Approximately one-third of the students reported using Wikipedia for academic purposes. The students tended to use Wikipedia for quickly checking facts and finding background information. They had positive past experiences with Wikipedia; however, interestingly, their perceptions of its information quality were not correspondingly high. The level of their confidence in evaluating Wikipedia's information quality was, at most, moderate. Respondents' past experience with Wikipedia, their positive emotional state, their disposition to believe information in Wikipedia, and information utility were positively related to their outcome expectations of Wikipedia. However, among the factors affecting outcome expectations, only information utility and respondents' positive emotions toward Wikipedia were related to their use of it. Further, when all of the independent variables, including the mediator, outcome expectations, were considered, only the variable information utility was related to Wikipedia use, which may imply a limited applicability of SCT to understanding Wikipedia use. However, more empirical evidence is needed to determine the applicability of this theory to Wikipedia use. Finally, this study supports the knowledge value of Wikipedia (Fallis), despite students' cautious attitudes toward Wikipedia. The study suggests that educators and librarians need to provide better guidelines for using Wikipedia, rather than prohibiting Wikipedia use altogether
Lim, S. and N. Kwon "Gender differences in information behavior concerning Wikipedia, an unorthodox information source?" Library & Information Science Research vol. 32, n. 3 (2010). pp. 212-220. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
This study examined gender differences in information behavior concerning Wikipedia. Data were collected using a Web survey in spring 2008. The study used a convenient sample that consisted of students who had taken an introductory undergraduate course at a large public university in the Midwestern United States. A total of 134 out of 409 students participated in the study. As information consumers, male students used Wikipedia more frequently than their female counterparts did. With respect to the purposes of Wikipedia use, male students used Wikipedia for entertainment or idle reading more than their female counterparts, while there were no gender differences regarding Wikipedia use for other purposes. Male students were more likely to discount the risks involved when using Wikipedia information compared to their female counterparts. Furthermore, male students had higher ratings than female students regarding most aspects of Wikipedia, including outcome expectations, perceptions about its information quality, belief in the Wikipedia project itself, emotional states while using Wikipedia, confidence in evaluating information quality, and further exploration. Finally, there was no gender difference regarding the number of years of Wikipedia use. However, male students reported having more positive experiences with the information quality of Wikipedia than their female counterparts. Overall, the findings of this study were consistent with those of previous studies concerning gender. Given the acknowledgment of the knowledge value of Wikipedia in recent literature, it seems that there are more advantages to using Wikipedia than there are disadvantages. The current study shows that male students seem to enjoy such benefits more than female students and may have more opportunities to develop their information literacy skills than female students by actively using Wikipedia. This suggests that educators need to encourage female students in particular to explore Wikipedia strategically as an initial information source so that they can develop their information literacy skills for unconventional sources.
Lipczynska, S. "Power to the people: the case for Wikipedia." Reference Reviews vol. 19, n. 2 (2005). pp. 6-7. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
To examine the case for the Wikipedia as a major reference tool. Design/methodology/approach – Summarises content of the Wikipedia and looks at the controversy its development has engendered. The controversy is examined with reference to recent press articles and internet postings. The aim is to look at the advantages and disadvantages of the Wikipedia in the light of this controversy, with a view to arriving at a balanced assessment of its value. Findings – Finds that the Wikipedia, through its editorial and up-keep systems and ability to reflect very recent developments, is a source of unquestioned reference value. Research limitations/implications – The assessment of Wikipedia is brief and the analysis of the controversy surrounding it is confined to a small selection of recent articles and web postings. Practical implications – This assessment provides further exposure of the newly developed Wikipedia and contributes to the growing debate about its value and usefulness. Originality/value – Responds to the growing need for a dispassionate assessment of the Wikipedia and offers informed opinion to library and information workers considering exploiting it as a reference resource.
Liziard, D. "Travail collaboratif avec un wiki : Pistes à partir d’expériences de bibliothécaires." Bulletin des bibliothèques de France vol. 52, n. 6 (2007). pp.: http://bbf.enssib.fr/sdx/BBF/
Les sites wikis sont des outils permettant de partager rapidement de l’information, puis de la compléter et de l’organiser progressivement. Si ce mode de rédaction collaboratif a d’abord été popularisé à travers le projet encyclopédique Wikipédia 1, des applications plus limitées en sont également possibles, autour de thèmes spécifiques et de communautés d’utilisateurs déterminées. La facilité d’utilisation et de mise en place des wikis en fait l’un des instruments privilégiés que les professionnels de l’information peuvent maintenant utiliser pour mutualiser leurs connaissances ou pour accompagner leurs projets. Cet article propose quelques conseils d’utilisation de ces sites, fondés sur les expériences de bibliothécaires français et américains.
Llosa, S. "De Tlön a Wikipedia: Borges, la World Wide Web , el libro-orbe y el conocimiento contenido del universo." Divergencias : revista de estudios lingüísticos vol. 4, n. 2 (2006). pp.: http://w3.coh.arizona.edu/
En un afán de enciclopedismo heredado del siglo XVIII, Wikipedia aspira a la ... Pero sigamos su rastro ahora en Wikipedia, una enciclopedia que ...
Luyt, B. "The nature of historical representation on Wikipedia: Dominant or alterative historiography?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 62, n. 6 (2011). pp. 1058-1065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asi.
Given their ease of use and capability for interactivity, new media are seen as having the potential to make visible previously marginalized voices. The online presence of the writing of history is increasing, and this potential would be a welcome development for the field as it would create a much richer set of easily available historical perspectives. However, this article suggests that the achievement of this promise is fraught with difficulty and that a more likely outcome is a mapping of the status quo in historical representation onto the new media. To illustrate this, I present an analysis of the Wikipedia accounts of Singaporean and Philippine history. For Singapore, alternative historical visions are not as developed as those for the Philippines, and this is reflected in the nature of the respective Wikipedia accounts. I suggest that a possible means to achieve something more of the promise of digital media for history is for information professionals to take a keener interest in Wikipedia, with an eye to helping include accounts of documented historical perspectives that are ignored by mainstream historiographical traditions.
Luyt, B. and D. Tan "Improving Wikipedia's credibility: References and citations in a sample of history articles." Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 61, n. 4 (2010). pp. n/a-n/a. http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/
This study evaluates how well the authors of Wikipedia history articles adhere to the site's policy of assuring verifiability through citations. It does so by examining the references and citations of a subset of country histories. The findings paint a dismal picture. Not only are many claims not verified through citations, those that are suffer from the choice of references used. Many of these are from only a few US government Websites or news media and few are to academic journal material. Given these results, one response would be to declare Wikipedia unsuitable for serious reference work. But another option emerges when we jettison technological determinism and look at Wikipedia as a product of a wider social context. Key to this context is a world in which information is bottled up as commodities requiring payment for access. Equally important is the problematic assumption that texts are undifferentiated bearers of knowledge. Those involved in instructional programs can draw attention to the social nature of texts to counter these assumptions and by so doing create an awareness for a new generation of Wikipedians and Wikipedia users of the need to evaluate texts (and hence citations) in light of the social context of their production and use.
Luyt, B., A. Tay Chee Hsien, et al. "Improving Wikipedia's accuracy: Is edit age a solution?" Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology vol. 59, n. 2 (2008). pp. 318-330. http://ejournals.ebsco.com/
Wikipedia is fast becoming a key information source for many despite criticism that it is unreliable and inaccurate. A number of recommendations have been made to sort the chaff from the wheat in Wikipedia, among which is the idea of color-coding article segment edits according to age (Cross, 2006). Using data collected as part of a wider study published in Nature, this article examines the distribution of errors throughout the life of a select group of Wikipedia articles. The survival time of each ôerror editö in terms of the edit counts and days was calculated and the hypothesis that surviving material added by older edits is more trustworthy was tested. Surprisingly, we find that roughly 20% of errors can be attributed to surviving text added by the first edit, which confirmed the existence of a ôfirst-moverö effect (Viegas, Wattenberg, & Kushal, 2004) whereby material added by early edits are less likely to be removed. We suggest that the sizable number of errors added by early edits is simply a result of more material being added near the beginning of the life of the article. Overall, the results do not provide support for the idea of trusting surviving segments attributed to older edits because such edits tend to add more material and hence contain more errors which do not seem to be offset by greater opportunities for error correction by later edits.
Magnus, P. D. "Epistemology and the Wikipedia " North American Computing and Philosophy Conference vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www.fecundity.com/job/
Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia that is written and edited entirely by visitors to its website. I argue that we are misled when we think of it in the same epistemic category with traditional general encyclopedias. An empirical assessment of its reliability reveals that it varies widely from topic to topic. So any particular claim found in it cannot be relied on based on its source. I survey some methods that we use in assessing specific claims and argue that the structure of the Wikipedia frustrates them.
Mathis, R. and O. Morand "Les sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques au prisme de Wikipédia " Bulletin des Bibliothèques de France vol. 54, n. 4 (2009). pp. 27-34. http://bbf.enssib.fr/
This article looks at how library science is represented in Wikipedia. It begins with a brief look back at various attempts to classify work in the field of library science before surveying the current situation, based on the articles in the Information and Library Science portal. The article demonstrates that Information Science's lack of visibility on Wikipedia is largely due to the ambivalent relationship between the Wikipedia and library communities, and concludes by arguing that librarians should engage more fully with the online encyclopaedia. Adapted from the source document.
Mattila, M. "Studying Corporate Social Responsibility in Finland: Genuine Gesture or Pursuit of a Big(ger) Profit?" Social Responsibility Journal vol. 2, n. 2 (2006). pp. 159-164. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
Corporate Social Responsibility is a crucial element of today's company strategies. Today's heightened interest in the proper role of businesses in society has been promoted by increased sensitivity to environmental and ethical issues ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
McKenna, B. "Wikipedia just as [`]wiki' as ever, says Wales." Infosecurity Today vol. 3, n. 6 (2006). pp. 6. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales told delegates to a recent CSI infosec conference in Florida to beware news stories about his organization locking down content. Wales cited a New York Times story that anyone can edit Wikipedia entries and a BBC story that the site was ‘not as wiki as it used to be’ as examples of press disinformation.
McKenna, B. "Wikipedia just as æwikiÆ as ever, says Wales." Infosecurity Today vol. 3, n. 6 (2006). pp. 6. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Wikipedia just as æwikiÆ as ever, says Wales
McKenna, B. "Wikipedia just as GÇÿwikiGÇÖ as ever, says Wales." Infosecurity Today vol. 3, n. 6 (2006). pp. 6. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
Wikipedia just as GÇÿwikiGÇÖ as ever, says Wales
McKiernan, G. "WikimediaWorlds." Library Hi Tech News vol. 22, n. 8 (2005). pp. 46-54. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
This article of part 1 of a two part series on wikis. Part 1 focuses on wikipedia. Design/methodology/approach – The article is prepared by a library professional and provides a summary of the main features. Findings – A wiki is a piece of server software that allows users to freely create and edit web page content using any web browser. Wiki supports hyperlinks and has a simple text syntax for creating new pages and crosslinks between internal pages on the fly. Originality/value – This article is a useful summary of a development of interest to library and information management professionals.
Medelyan, O. and C. Legg "Integrating Cyc and Wikipedia: Folksonomy meets rigorously defined common-sense." Proceedings of the WIKI-AI: Wikipedia and AI Workshop at the AAAI vol. 8, n. (2008). pp.: http://www.aaai.org/Papers/
Integration of ontologies begins with establishing mappings between their concept entries. We map categories from the largest manually-built ontology, Cyc, onto Wikipedia articles describing corresponding concepts. Our method draws both on Wikipedia’s rich but chaotic hyperlink structure and Cyc’s carefully defined taxonomic and common-sense knowledge. On 9,333 manual alignments by one person, we achieve an F-measure of 90%; on 100 alignments by six human subjects the average agreement of the method with the subject is close to their agreement with each other. We cover 62.8% of Cyc categories relating to common-sense knowledge and discuss what further information might be added to Cyc given this substantial new alignment
Neri, C. "Wikipedia: la estrella del universo colaborativo." Lodigita vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www.lodigital.com.ar/
Un buen plan docente permitiría a los alumnos participar desde el aula de un proyecto de trabajo colaborativo a distancia, similar al de la Wikipedia, con criterios y políticas editoriales consensuados, con un punto de vista neutral y garantizado por el debate y los aportes individuales.
Okoli, C. and W. Oh "Investigating recognition-based performance in an open content community: A social capital perspective." Information & Management vol. 44, n. 3 (2007). pp. 240-252. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
As the open source movement grows, it becomes important to understand the dynamics that affect the motivation of participants who contribute their time freely to such projects. One important motivation that has been identified is the desire for formal recognition in the open source community. We investigated the impact of social capital in participants’ social networks on their recognition-based performance; i.e., the formal status they are accorded in the community. We used a sample of 465 active participants in the Wikipedia open content encyclopedia community to investigate the effects of two types of social capital and found that network closure, measured by direct and indirect ties, had a significant positive effect on increasing participants’ recognition-based performance. Structural holes had mixed effects on participants’ status, but were generally a source of social capital.
Olof, S. "Janitors of Knowledge: Constructing Knowledge in the Everyday Life of Wikipedia Editors." Journal of Documentation vol. 67, n. 5 (2011). pp. 6-6. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
Purpose - The aim of this article is to explore how trustworthy knowledge claims in Wikipedia are constructed by focusing on the everyday practices of Wikipedia editors. The article focuses particularly on the role of references to external sources for the stabilisation of knowledge in Wikipedia. Design/methodology/approach - The study is inspired by online ethnography. It includes eleven Wikipedia editors, together with the sociotechnical resources in Wikipedia. The material was collected through interviews, online observations, web documents and discussions, and e-mail questions. The analysis was carried out from a perspective of science and technology studies (STS). Findings - Wikipedia can be regarded as a laboratory for knowledge construction in which the already published is being recycled. The references to external sources anchor the participatory encyclopaedia in the ecology of established media and attribute trust to the knowledge published. The policy on Verifiability is analysed as an obligatory passage point to which all actors have to adjust. Active Wikipedia editors can be seen as akin to janitors of knowledge, as they are the ones who, through their hands-on activities, keep Wikipedia stable. Originality/value - The study develops an innovative understanding of the knowledge construction culture in one of the most popular sources for information on the internet. By highlighting the ways in which trust is established in Wikipedia, a more reflexive use of the participatory encyclopaedia is made possible. This is of value for information literacy training.
Oreg, S. and O. Nov "Exploring motivations for contributing to open source initiatives: The roles of contribution context and personal values." Computers in Human Behavior vol. In Press, Corrected Proof, n.: pp.: http://www.sciencedirect.com/
We explore contextual and dispositional correlates of the motivation to contribute to open source initiatives. We examine how the context of the open source project, and the personal values of contributors, are related to the types of motivations for contributing. A web-based survey was administered to 300 contributors in two prominent open source contexts: software and content. As hypothesized, software contributors placed a greater emphasis on reputation-gaining and self-development motivations, compared with content contributors, who placed a greater emphasis on altruistic motives. Furthermore, the hypothesized relationships were found between contributors’ personal values and their motivations for contributing.
Pressley, L. and C. J. McCallum "Putting the LIBRARY in WIKIPEDIA." Online vol. 32, n. 5 (2008). pp. 39. http://proquest.umi.com/
Few online resources provoke as much controversy in the library community as Wikipedia. Some librarians hate it, arguing that since anyone can edit it, it can't be trusted. Others love it, because it is fast, easy to use, and a good starting point for research. With such a conflicted relationship, there's no clear answer as to where (or whether) Wikipedia belongs in libraries. People access library Web sites less frequently now than in the past. A possible explanation for the decline is that people do not find libraries' Web sites to be content rich. Wikipedia is clearly an important resource for users. Many start their research on the Web site and contact the library afterward for more information. Libraries are beginning to take advantage of this user behavior by contributing content to the encyclopedia. It is clear that with a little bit of planning and preparation, libraries can begin to impact entries and categories within Wikipedia.
Priedhorsky, R., J. Chen, et al. "Creating, Destroying, and Restoring Value in Wikipedia." University of Minesota vol., n. (2006). pp.: http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~
Wikipedia’s brilliance and curse is that any user can edit any of the encyclopedia entries. We introduce the notion of the impact of an edit, measured by the number of times the edited version is viewed. Using several datasets, including recent logs of all article views, we show that frequent editors dominate what people see when they visit Wikipedia, and that this domination is increasing. Similarly, using the same impact measure, we show that the probability of a typ- ical article view being damaged is small but increasing, and we present empirically grounded classes of damage. Finally, we make policy recommendations for Wikipedia and other wikis in light of these findings.
Rainie, L. and B. Tancer "A Profile of Wikipedia Users." Pew Internet & American Life Project vol., n. (2007). pp.: http://www.pewinternet.org/
36% of online American adults consult Wikipedia It is particularly popular with the well-educated and current college-age students More than a third of American adult internet users (36%) consult the citizen-generated online encyclopedia Wikipedia, according to a new nationwide survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project. And on a typical day in the winter of 2007, 8% of online Americans consulted Wikipedia.
Rector, L. H. "Comparison of Wikipedia and other encyclopedias for accuracy, breadth, and depth in historical articles." Reference Services Review vol. 36, n. 1 (2008). pp. 7-22. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/
This paper seeks to provide reference librarians and faculty with evidence regarding the comprehensiveness and accuracy of Wikipedia articles compared with respected reference resources. Design/methodology/approach – This content analysis evaluated nine Wikipedia articles against comparable articles in Encyclopaedia Britannica, The Dictionary of American History and American National Biography Online in order to compare Wikipedia's comprehensiveness and accuracy. The researcher used a modification of a stratified random sampling and a purposive sampling to identify a variety of historical entries and compared each text in terms of depth, accuracy, and detail. Findings – The study did reveal inaccuracies in eight of the nine entries and exposed major flaws in at least two of the nine Wikipedia articles. Overall, Wikipedia's accuracy rate was 80 percent compared with 95-96 percent accuracy within the other sources. This study does support the claim that Wikipedia is less reliable than other reference resources. Furthermore, the research found at least five unattributed direct quotations and verbatim text from other sources with no citations. Research limitations/implications – More research must be undertaken to analyze Wikipedia entries in other disciplines in order to judge the source's accuracy and overall quality. This paper also shows the need for analysis of Wikipedia articles' histories and editing process. Practical implications – This research provides a methodology for further content analysis of Wikipedia articles. Originality/value – Although generalizations cannot be made from this paper alone, the paper provides empirical data to support concerns regarding the accuracy and authoritativeness of Wikipedia.
Romeo Molina, A. "Locapedias: generación de conocimiento local de manera colaborativa." SEDIC vol., n. (2007). pp. 59-69. http://eprints.rclis.org/
Wikipedia has become the biggest encyclopedia ever made in the world. With more than four million articles written in hundreds of languages, Wikipedia is nowadays one of the five internet well-known branches in the world. In 2004, following the Wikipedia model, Alfredo Romeo suggests the launching of ?locapedias?, based on the voluntary and collaborative model of contributors, with the aim of creating the biggest knowledge centre ever written about a local area. In 2005 the first ?locapedia?, Cordobapedia, is founded. About two years later, 12 locapedias can be found in Spain, with about 20000 local articles made in a collaborative way. As time goes by, locapedias will probably represent for cities and regions the same as wikipedia has achieved: the largest reference web-site for local knowledge in any city with a locapedia. For locapedias, the fact that public institutions, as libraries or local archives, head these proyects could be the needed guaranteed mark to consolidate a movement of local-free knowleadge creation, which will be the reference for the society we are unstoppable going to: the knowledge society.
Ruiz-Casado, M., E. Alfonseca, et al. "Automatising the learning of lexical patterns: An application to the enrichment of WordNet by extracting semantic relationships from Wikipedia: Advances on Natural Language Processing - NLDB 05." Data & Knowledge Engineering vol. 61, n. 3 (2007). pp. 484-499. http://www.sciencedirect.com/
This paper describes an automatic approach to identify lexical patterns that represent semantic relationships between concepts in an on-line encyclopedia. Next, these patterns can be applied to extend existing ontologies or semantic networks with new relations. The experiments have been performed with the Simple English Wikipedia and WordNet 1.7. A new algorithm has been devised for automatically generalising the lexical patterns found in the encyclopedia entries. We have found general patterns for the hyperonymy, hyponymy, holonymy and meronymy relations and, using them, we have e...
Fuente: Biblioteca Universidad de Salamanca. Info Trad Doc.
